Software development Model Software development models are various processes or methods that are chosen for project development depending on the objectives and goals of the project. Many development life cycle models have been developed to achieve various essential objectives. Models specify the various steps of the process and the order in which they are executed. The few software development models are discussed below: Waterfall Model (SDLC Model) The Waterfall Model is a traditional software development model in which the project is developed in sequential phases . Each phase must be completed before moving to the next phase , and there is usually no going back once a phase is completed. It is one of the earliest SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) models . 1. Features of Waterfall Model Sequential Phases: Development progresses in a fixed order: Requirements → Design → Implementation → Testing → Deployment → Maintenance Clear ...
Memory Hierarchy Memory hierarchy is arranging different kinds of storage present on a computing device based on speed of access. The memory in a computer can be divided into five hierarchies based on the speed as well as use. The processor can move from one level to another based on its requirements. The five hierarchies in the memory are registers, cache, main memory, magnetic discs, and magnetic tapes. The first three hierarchies are volatile memories which mean when there is no power, and then automatically they lose their stored data. Whereas the last two hierarchies are not volatile which means they store the data permanently. Let us discuss each level in detail: Level-0 − Registers The registers are present inside the CPU. As they are present inside the CPU, they have least access time. Registers are most expensive and smallest in size generally in kilobytes. They are implemented by using Flip-Flops. Level-1 − Cache Cache memory is used to store the segmen...